what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?

This split desire for wealth and religious conversion was the complicated reason why Spain explored the New World. As Spains empire expanded and riches flowed in from the Americas, the Spanish experienced a golden age of art and literature. Spains drive to enlarge its empire led other hopeful conquistadors to push further into the Americas, hoping to replicate the success of Corts and Pizarro. explored isthmus of panama. Why did the authors of probanzas de mritos choose to write in the way that they did? The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. An error occurred trying to load this video. The Spanish followed suit, beginning with Christopher Columbus, before moving beyond mere trade and focusing on empire building. During the Spanish colonial era, ships frequently transported mercury across the Atlantic to the New World to be used in gold mining. How do you think it might have influenced Europeans reading about the New World for the first time? Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. Other countries would soon follow suit with France and Spain founding colonies for trade connections and means of dealing with dissident religious groups in North America. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Using the explorers first name as a label for the new landmass, Waldseemuller attached America to his map of the New World in 1507, and the name stuck. 1 What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? In 1482, Portuguese traders built Elmina Castle (also called So Jorge da Mina, or Saint Georges of the Mine) in present-day Ghana, on the west coast of Africa ([link]). 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They also attempted, sometimes more successfully than others, to conquer the Amerindians and force them to work and pay tribute. C. Africans sold spices to Portugal and Spain. The spread of Christianity to native populations. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. This conflict provided the background for the heralded Age of Discovery, whereupon European nations began exploring new horizons to find means of expanding their influence and discovering new and hopefully shorter trade routes. Cortes took land from the Aztecs in what is today Mexico. Beyond the splendor of the architecture of the missions, what we see today is the cumulative effect of a historic process Spain triggered with its efforts to govern and Christianize the New World, thereby culturally changing the land and people forever. Which country established the first colonies in the Americas? When the Spanish captured Granada in 1492, it allowed the Catholic monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, to listen to the arguments of the Genoese sea captain, Christopher Columbus, and his claims that he could find a shorter route to the Far East. 201-202. At Elmina the main source was Ashanti gold, at trading points on the Guinea coast it was gold diverted to Portuguese traders from the caravan route from Timbuktu to Morocco. Probanzas de mritos were reports and letters written by Spaniards in the New World to the Spanish crown, designed to win royal patronage. 1015 Words. This compass showed from four to eight directions. Spanish rulers Ferdinand and Isabella promoted the acquisition of these new lands in order to strengthen and glorify their own empire. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. . The Reconquista marked another step forward in the process of making Spain an imperial power, and Ferdinand and Isabella were now ready to look further afield. This sixteenth-century map shows the island of Hispaniola (present-day Haiti and Dominican Republic). A fortified trading post, it had mounted cannons facing out to sea, not inland toward continental Africa; the Portuguese had greater fear of a naval attack from other Europeans than of a land attack from Africans. One of the greatest lasting effects of Spanish incursion into Latin America was the . In 1493, Columbus sent two copies of a probanza de mrito to the Spanish king and queen and their minister of finance, Luis de Santngel. Portuguese success in exploration depended on maritime technological advances, especially caravel ships with lateen sails that were triangular in shape and gave Europeans the advantage of finally sailing in both directions along the African coast. Europeans longed for the luxuries of the Far East, including silks, pepper, and spices, but the Far East trade was dominated by Muslims and Venetians who hauled the goods over land, making them extremely expensive. Any other uses, such as conference presentations, commercial training progams, news web sites or consulting reports, are FORBIDDEN. What was Portugals role in the age of discovery? When we read them now, we need to take the descriptions with a grain of salt. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. The English Empire, 16601763, Imperial Reforms and Colonial Protests, 1763-1774, America's War for Independence, 1775-1783, Creating Republican Governments, 17761790, Growing Pains: The New Republic, 17901820, Industrial Transformation in the North, 18001850, A Nation on the Move: Westward Expansion, 18001860, Cotton is King: The Antebellum South, 18001860, Antebellum Idealism and Reform Impulses, 18201860, Go West Young Man! The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. Bartolome de Las Casas speaks with the Amerindians, then with the Spanish leaders. They also found a sea route to India. B. Africans were enslaved and brought to the Americas. They stayed because of the wealth found in the region. Since the 700s, much of Spain had been under Islamic rule, and King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I, arch-defenders of the Catholic Church against Islam, were determined to defeat the Muslims in Granada, the last Islamic stronghold in Spain. Even though the empires of Mexico and Peru had already had thriving trade routes, superior technology and biological factors of new diseases to which the Amerindians had no resistance gave Europeans the advantage. Columbus made a total of four voyages to the New World, but he honestly believed for the rest of his life that he had found the Far East. The Spanish brought Western ideals to the Americas, including economic and religious systems. Columbus' reports about the many people already living in the New World prompted Queen Isabel to consider them under her protection as members of the Spanish Empire, promising to bring them to the Catholic faith and wanting them to be fairly treated. Henry the Navigator. Learn key differences in what each country focused on when colonizing. Portuguese explorers were excellent navigators. [1] John Francis Bannon, editor, Bolton and the Spanish Borderlands (1964), pp. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. Spain and Portugal divided the New World by drawing a north-to-south line of demarcation in the Atlantic Ocean, about 100 leagues (555 . People were curious, interested, and eager for fresh experiences and observations. Hoping to gain power over the city, Corts took Moctezuma, the Aztec ruler, hostage. Most trades for Western Europe required overland travel, which only grew more difficult with Ottoman conquests in the East. Negative and Positive Impact of Portuguese Exploration by Seb. After taking Cuba in 1511, the Spanish continued traveling further into the territory with the conquistador, Hernan Cortes, attacking the Aztec Empire in 1519, taking their capital of Tenochtitlan in 1521. The Spanish fleeing from an Aztec force. The Portuguese took the lead. Essay Sample. (04.05) Painting of a scene showing European explorers and native peoples in the New World. 247 lessons Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. Portuguese mariners built an Atlantic empire by colonizing the Canary, Cape Verde, and Azores Islands, as well as the island of Madeira. Create your account. Source for information on Spanish Exploration and Colonization: Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance of Scientific Discovery . It didn't take long for other Spaniards to realize that Columbus had stumbled upon something completely new, and they decided to stay. In 1418, the Portuguese came upon the Madeira Islands and established a colony at Porto Santo. Smarting from their defeat at the hands of the Aztec, Corts slowly created alliances with native peoples who resented Aztec rule. The trees, fruits and grasses differ widely from those in Juana. 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One group in particular, the Tlaxcalan, threw their lot in with the Spanish, providing as many as 200,000 fighters in the siege of Tenochtitln. Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration? From the beginning of the Aztec conquest, a collection of Franciscan friars had come to convert the natives. More than a dozen veterans shared their concerns with U.S. Secretary of Veterans Affairs Denis McDonough and U.S. Rep. Mary Peltola. Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. The system also allowed them to protect their imports as they traveled back to Portugal. The Spanish started the trade of potatoes, pineapples, turkey, dahlias, sunflowers, magnolia, maize, chillies and chocolate across the Atlantic. Hispaniola is a marvel. The map shows areas of Portuguese and Spanish exploration, the two nations claims under the Treaty of Tordesillas, and a variety of flora, fauna, figures, and structures. The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492, Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 15001700, Rule Britannia! The Spanish also brought the disease smallpox. Missionaries like Motolinia had a legitimate desire to convert the natives and others like him, including the Dominican friar Bartolome de Las Casas, who wrote "A Brief Account of the Destruction of the West Indies" to draw attention to the atrocities committed against the natives by his fellow Spaniards. Although traditional warfare continued to be a major tool for political control, European countries also grew concerned with gaining economic superiority over their neighbors, their main tool being international trade. Spain and Portugal were considered to be the major exponents of 'The Age of Discovery', stretching from the early 15 th century to mid-17 th century. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. The Economic Causes of European Maritime Exploration Various economic factors led some European monarchs, royal families, and states to support early maritime explorations financially. In the eighteenth century, a French historian compared Spanish and Portuguese expansion in the New World in the following terms: The conquests of the Portuguese in the New World are not as pleasing on a broad view as the conquests of Mexico and Peru. (credit: modification of work by National Park Service), Next: Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Describe Portuguese exploration of the Atlantic and Spanish exploration of the Americas, and the importance of these voyages to the developing Atlantic World, Explain the importance of Spanish exploration of the Americas in the expansion of Spains empire and the development of Spanish Renaissance culture. Vasco de Balboa 1513- goal was to find gold and a new sea. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro traveled to Peru where he subsequently conquered the Incan Empire situated in the Andes Mountains. He spent most of his life in the Americas advocating for the natives. They also looked west, settling in Brazil. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest by OpenStaxCollege is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. In the 1540s, Francisco Vsquez de Coronado crossed the Rio Grande and traveled up the Colorado River. Their son, Martn, may have been the first mestizo (person of mixed indigenous American and European descent). Set in the Wizarding World universe, this game finally lets you explore the castle of Hogwarts and the surrounding area with near-limitless freedom. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire and took part in explorations of the northern Caribbean coast of South America. As they died, new workers were needed. There were new places to explore, room to spread out, and cultures and economies to discover and even control. The Portuguese replaced Arab control of the trade in ivory, gold and slaves with their own. For more than a century, Baker Hughes . After Christopher Columbus bumped into the New World in 1492, a string of explorers and conquistadors set about claiming territory for Spain. Perched on the southwestern part of the Iberian peninsula, Portugal turned to the boundless Atlantic Ocean as its only outlet to the wider world. The main driving forces for these pressures include the growing population associated with rapid urbanization and human settlements along the coast, industrial growth, oil exploration, production and export and the associated tanker traffic, fishing, tourism, agriculture, aquaculture and sea water desalination. [3] | 22 what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?the renaissance apartments chicago snoopy happy dance emoji 8959 norma pl west hollywood ca 90069 8959 norma pl west hollywood ca 90069 However, the overthrow of the Mongols by the Ottoman Empire had closed that border as the longstanding religious differences between Christian Europe and Muslim Ottomans allowed the old conflict to disrupt the flow of trade. He also started a school In this instance, Cortes actually operated without approval from the Spanish crown or the governor of the Cuban colony because he desired a chance to make his own name and wealth without the credit going to his superiors. They wanted to spread catholic culture in whole world. Spanish and Portuguese Exploration Spain and Portugal were neighboring kingdoms in the Iberian Peninsula and fierce competitors exploring the African coastline. Then, when they found Amerindians, they wanted to colonize and convert them, as well as have access to their gold. Another Italian, Amerigo Vespucci, sailing for the Portuguese crown, explored the South American coastline between 1499 and 1502. Thus the goals of the Spanish conquest were quite different from the Portuguese. He then sailed to an island he named Hispaniola (present-day Dominican Republic and Haiti) ([link]). Far from being unified and content under Aztec rule, many peoples in Mexico resented it and were ready to rebel. Although his first efforts against the Inca Empire in the 1520s failed, Pizarro captured the Inca emperor Atahualpa in 1532 and executed him one year later. What impact did the Portuguese and Spanish explorers have on Europe? This two-volume book (1605 and 1618) told a colorful tale of an hidalgo (gentleman) who reads so many tales of chivalry and knighthood that he becomes unable to tell reality from fiction. the fall of European national monarchies and the end of the power of the Catholic Church. THE SPANISH GOLDEN AGE The exploits of European explorers had a profound impact both in the Americas and back in Europe. Upon Columbuss return to Spain, the Spanish crown bestowed on him the title of Admiral of the Ocean Sea and named him governor and viceroy of the lands he had discovered. Effects of Spanish Rule in North and South America: 1. All lands to the west of the line, identified as the Line of Demarcation, would be Spains. Conquistadores Claim Land and Treasure (1500s) Hernando Cortes and Francisco Pizarro took over lots of land from Native Americans in South America and North America. Why was exploration so important to Spain? Spain and Portugal were considered to be the major exponents of The Age of Discovery, stretching from the early 15 th century to mid-17 th century. Spain also grew increasingly wealthy, but the influx of gold and silver currency eventually caused serious problems leading Charles V to declare bankruptcy and spread inflation throughout Europe. By The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? Corts was also aided by a Nahua woman called Malintzin (also known as La Malinche or Doa Marina, her Spanish name), whom the natives of Tabasco gave him as tribute. D. Africans attended Prince Henry's navigation school

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